Tile setting



(No Model.)

A. H. LORD.

I TILE SETTING. No. 320,567. Patented June 23,-1885.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ANDREV H. LORD, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO CHARLES H. HITCHCOCKAND JOHN A. COOPER, BOTH OF SAME PLACE.

TILE-SETTING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.320,567, dated June 231885.

Application filed December 5, 1888. Renewed November- 24, 1884. (Nomodel.)

1'0 to whom it 17mg concern.-

Be it known that '1, ANDREW H. LORD, it citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Tile-Setting, which arefully set forth in the following specification, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 represents a plan view of aframe on which the tiles are to be set; Fig. 2, a plan view showing therelative positions of the parts in the process of forming a panel; Fig.3, a plan view of the panel complete, the tiles being uppermost; Fig. 4,a longitudinal section of a part of a panel, taken on the line 00 m,Fig. 2, and on an enlarged scale; and Fig. 5, a crosssection taken onthe line 3/ 3 Fig. 1, and on the same enlarged scale.

In the present use of tiling it is the practice to set each tileseparately in the body of cement, which is first spread on the surfaceto which the tile is to be applied. This is a somewhat difficult workwhere the tiling is applied to upright surfaces-as, for instance, inmantelpicces, wainscoting, &c.aud great care is re quired to maketile-work in such places satis factory in appearance and durability. Itis the object of my improvement to avoid this difficulty to a veryconsiderable extent by setting the tiles on a frame, to which they arefastened by the usual cement, thus making a kind of panel of tiling,which then may be placed in position and secured the same as panelsof'stone or wood or metal.

I will proceed to describe one mode of carrying out my invention, andwill then point out definitely in the claims the special improvementswhich I believe to be new and wish to protect by Letters Patent.

In the drawings, A represents a metallic frame, which is made of thesame shape and dimensions as the panel which it is desired to produce.This frame is of lattice or open work form, as shownin Fig. 1 ofthedrawings. The outside bars, a, of the frame are, however, wider orthicker than the bars a forming the latticework and running from oneside to the other diagonally, or in any other direction, and crossingeach other, so as to form the latarranged to about the middle of thethickness or width of the outside of the bars, so that the latter willproject beyond the lattice-work on each side of the frame, as shown inFigs. 4 and 5 of the drawings. The frame is made of the'width of thetiles B that are to be applied thereto, so that they will just extendfrom one side of the frame to the other, resting on the outside bars,being flush therewith. give a support to the middle of the tiles, I alsoextend a center strip or bar, a, from end to end and midway of itswidth. This frame is preferably cast, as that is the cheapest andeasiest way of making it; but of course it may be made of wrought-ironor in any other manner suitable for the purpose, if desired, or there isany occasion for a frame of special strength.

In order to make the panel of tiling, the tiles B, which are to composethe panel, are first laid face down on a smooth level surface, it beingunderstood, of course, that the tiles are of such shape and size andarrangement as to exactly fill the pattern of the panel desired. Theframe is of course made of the same pattern, and is now laid on thetiles B, as shown in Fig. 2 ofthc drawings. Plaster or cement, C, isthen poured in to fill the entire space between the back of the tilesandthc plane of the upper edges of the highest parts of the frame, so asto make a perfectly even and level surface therewith, asshown in Fig. 2of the drawings. The plaster or cement will, of course, pass all aroundand through the lat tice-work, which serves to hold it in place, and atthe same time the plaster or cement will fasten the backs of the tilesto the frame, the same as the latter are secured to any surface in theusual way. \Vhcn the plaster or cement is fully set and hardened, theentire structure is substantially one piece, and may be handled and usedas such. The face will present the appearance of a tiled surface, asshown in Fig. 3 of the drawings, and the struc ture becomes a sort ofpanel or strip of tiling. These panels or strips, or any form desiredfor ordinary work, may be made at a factory, where everything can besuitably arranged and adapted to doing the work cheaply and quickly,and, if desired, sold as a manufac- In order to tice-work mentioned. Thelattice-bars a are I tured product for use by others. The panels areused the same as panels of stone, wood, or metal-that is, they are setup entire in the places where they are desired, and fastened in anysuitable way, either by plaster or cement, or by screws, or in any otherway in which stone or metal strips or panels of similar shape and formare secured.

I do not wish to be understood as limiting myselfto the specialconstruction of the frame just shown and described, for that is a matterof nnimportance, except that there should always be some space back ofthe lattice-work body for the cement, to secure the best fastening ofthe tiling, and also a covering of the same material outside of the web,as I have described, for the back of the panel. As these panels willobviously be of exactly the shape and dimension required for anyparticular piece of work, it is evident that a particular pattern ordesign can be obtained accurately with less trouble and labor by usingmy mode of setting the tiles to form these panels first, instead ofsetting them piece by piece in the usual way, and as the panels can bemade outside of the building in which they are to be used theirmanufacture will be convenient and cheap. They can also be kept as stockon hand by dealers, the same as stone and metal work, and set up byordinary artisans in places where, perhaps, itwould be difficult toobtain skilled tilcsetters, as is necessary when tiling is set in theordinary way.

Havingthus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is V 1. A panel or strip of tile, consistingof a metallic lattice-work frame and tiles applied and secured theretoby mortar or cement applied to the backs of the tiles and filling thesaid frame, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. The frame A, composed of outside bars, a. and inside lattice-bars, a,of less thickness than the former, in combination'with the tiles B, andthe mortar or cement filling 0, all applied to form a panel of tiling,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. The herein-described method of setting tiles, the same consisting in,first, laying the v tiles in the desired pattern upon their faces on alevel surface; second, applying to the backs of the tiles a metalliclattice-work frame of the same pattern; third, filling the frame withmortar or cement, by which the tiles are sesecured to the frame, and,fourth, setting the completed article or panel a's'an entire piece inthe position desired.

ANDREW H. LORD.

\Vitnesses:

XV. C. OoRLiEs, A. M. Bust.

